Modern approaches to developing cultural competence in schoolchildren through physical education

Abstract

Introduction: The implementation of the “New Ukrainian School” educational reform encourages educators to adopt competent, integrated, active, and inclusive approaches in the educational process. In physical education, these approaches necessitate a shift from traditional subject-based teaching to competency-based teaching, leveraging the subject’s potential to cultivate 11 key competencies.

The research objective is to summarize pedagogical situations, methodical approaches, and methods for cultivating cultural competence in students through physical education.

Material and research methods: Analysis and synthesis of literary sources, a survey of physical education teachers using questionnaires and methods of mathematical statistics. The survey involved 341 physical education teachers of varying ages, genders, teaching experiences, and qualification categories from seven regions of Ukraine.

Results. In our opinion, modern approaches to cultural competence formation in physical education should emphasize students expressing cultural potential through motor activity, enhancing movement culture, adhering to speech etiquette, and recognizing national self-expression and self-realization through physical activities. The survey reveals that 70.8% of teachers find it easy to develop cultural competence in physical education, while 24.8% face obstacles, 1.0% deem it impossible, and 3.4% are undecided. Some respondents struggle to simulate a physical education lesson using modern approaches for cultural competence formation, prompting the need for pedagogical situations and methodical techniques.

Conclusions. It has been determined that, in the development of cultural competence, key components include the incorporation of elements of national culture into physical education lessons, the promotion of mutual understanding among participants in the educational process, the study and integration of cultural aspects, the adaptation of physical exercises to cultural characteristics, and the fostering of individual self-expression, creativity, and innovation. Different levels of cultural competence formation through physical education were identified through a survey of physical education teachers: easy (70.8%), challenging (24.8%), impossible (1.0%), difficult to determine (3.4%). Pedagogical situations, methodical techniques, and approaches to the development of cultural competence through physical education are delineated.