Training process management at the stage of winning training in taekwondo

Abstract

The article analyzes the management of the training process of taekwondo athletes at the stage of pre-competition training using rational planning of training and competition loads. It was found that the training load at the stage of pre-competition training of taekwondo athletes is characterized by an emphasis on the development of special endurance. At the same time, about 40% of all training and training means (these are mainly special technical and tactical exercises) used in pre-competition training are performed in the glycolytic anaerobic energy supply mode, when the heart rate reaches 200 beats/min. It is noted that when building pre-competition training of taekwondo athletes, it is necessary to take into account the trends in the development of modern taekwondo, the structure and content of competitive activity. This fact is confirmed by the presence of a significant and diverse arsenal of means for training taekwondo athletes, planning training work and monitoring the quality of athletes’preparedness at the stage of pre-competition training. The purpose of the study is to develop and scientifically substantiate the methodology for managing the training process in highly qualified taekwondo athletes at the stage of their sports improvement. Research methods: theoretical analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature and the Internet (sources were studied in accordance with the research problem); analysis of documentary materials (analysis of competitive activity protocols was conducted); system analysis method (used for a logical and consistent approach to organizing and obtaining research results); chronological method (allowed us to study sources that reveal the essence of the research and obtaining results from the beginning to the end of the competition); a set of methods for diagnosing physical development, state and level of preparedness (various generally accepted methods for assessing the physical development and preparedness of athletes were used); pedagogical observations (used analysis of the content of the training process taking into account the qualifications of athletes, the competition calendar and sports periodization); pedagogical experiment (different approaches to rational planning of training loads were introduced into the practice of athletes); methods of mathematical statistics (aimed at calculating the total and average values of indicators and their effectiveness). Research results. In the process of research, it was found that the most optimal duration of the pre-competitive mesocycle of taekwondo training is 4 weeks or 28 days and includes the following structure: basic microcycle (7 days) – the volume of the load is 40% of the total volume at this stage; special-preparatory microcycle (7 days) – the volume of the load is 30%; model microcycle (7 days) – the total volume of the load is 20%; introductory microcycle (7 days) – the total volume of the load is 10%. Conclusions. It was established that the planning of the training load at the stage of pre-competitive training of taekwondo players, tested during the pedagogical experiment, allowed to significantly increase the eficiency of the training process. After a four-week stage of pre-competition training, athletes improved their special endurance indicators by an average of 9-10% – heart rate in the fourth minute of recovery after performing a six-minute test; time to perform spurts during a three-minute test; pulse sum of a 3-minute recovery period after performing a three-minute test; adaptation coeficient, which is determined by the results of a one-minute test.